What is RDBMS

Last Updated: 15 June, 2023

RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System. It is a software system that is used to manage relational databases. A relational database is a collection of data organized into tables, where each table consists of rows and columns. RDBMS provides a structured approach to store, retrieve, and manage data based on the relational model.

In an RDBMS, data is organized into tables, with each table representing an entity or concept. The tables are related to each other through common attributes, creating relationships between the entities. The relationships are established using keys, such as primary keys and foreign keys.

Here are some key characteristics and features of RDBMS:

1. Structure: RDBMS stores data in a structured manner using tables, where each table has predefined columns and data types. The tables are related to each other through common attributes, forming relationships.
2. Data Integrity: RDBMS enforces data integrity by implementing rules and constraints. It ensures that data is consistent, accurate, and follows predefined rules such as unique keys, primary keys, foreign keys, and data types.
3. Query Language: RDBMS provides a query language, usually SQL (Structured Query Language), which allows users to retrieve, manipulate, and manage data stored in the database. SQL provides a standard syntax for interacting with the RDBMS.
4. ACID Properties: RDBMS ensures data reliability and consistency through the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties. These properties ensure that database transactions are executed reliably and that the data remains consistent even in the event of failures.
5. Scalability and Performance: RDBMS systems are designed to handle large amounts of data and provide efficient methods for accessing and retrieving data. They often include optimization techniques, such as indexing and query optimization, to enhance performance.

Some popular RDBMS examples include Oracle Database, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, PostgreSQL, and SQLite. These systems have variations in terms of features, scalability, licensing, and target use cases, but they all adhere to the principles of managing relational databases.

RDBMS systems are based on the relational model, which was introduced by E.F. Codd in the 1970s. The relational model represents data as a collection of tables, with each table containing related information. The tables are linked through common attributes, forming relationships between them.