Arithmetic Operators in Java

Last Updated: 09 September, 2022

Hello, on this tutorial page, we will briefly learn about an operation and its type in Java, followed by a main discussion about arithmetic operators and types of arithmetic operators with example.

What is an Operator in Java?

Operators are special symbols that perform the specified operations. Each operator is responsible for performing some specific operation on variables or values and returning a result. The operators are classified and listed according to precedence order.

Java supports the following types of operators:

1. Arithmetic Operator
2. Arithmetic Operator
3. Bitwise Operator
4. Logical Operator
5. Relational Operator
6. Ternary Operator
7. Unary Operator

What are the arithmetic operators in Java?

Arithmetic Operators are used to perform mathematical operations such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and modulus (%).

Arithmetic operators consist of many unary and binary operators that can be applied to one or two operands. The operands may be values or variables.

Let's understand arithmetic operators with the help of the given table below.

Here, a=20, b=10

Example of Arithmetic Operator in Java

public class ArithmeticOperatorsExample { public static void main(String[] args) { int a = 20; int b = 10; // Addition System.out.println(a + b); // Output: 30 // Subtraction System.out.println(a - b); // Output: 10 // Multiplication System.out.println(a * b); // Output: 200 // Division System.out.println(a / b); // Output: 2 // Modulus System.out.println(a % b); // Output: 0 } }

Output

30
10
200
2
0

Simple Calculator Program using arithmetic operators and switch...case in Java

In the below example, we have written a simple calculator program using arithmetic operations and switch cases that performs addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), and division (/) operations based on the user's input.

Let's see the Java program implementation.

import java.util.Scanner; public class SimpleCalculator { public static void main(String[] args) { char operator; Double num1, num2; Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Sample Calculator for Arithmetic Operation"); System.out.println("Valid Operators: + (Add), - (Sub), * (Multiply), or / (Div)"); System.out.print("\nPlease enter a valid operator: "); operator = scanner.next().charAt(0); System.out.print("Enter first number: "); num1 = scanner.nextDouble(); System.out.print("Enter second number: "); num2 = scanner.nextDouble(); scanner.close(); switch (operator) { // addition operation case '+': System.out.println("Addition output: " + (num1 + num2)); break; // subtraction operation case '-': System.out.println("Subtraction output: " + (num1 - num2)); break; // multiplication operation case '*': System.out.println("Multiplication output: " + (num1 * num2)); break; // division operation case '/': System.out.println("Division output: " + (num1 / num2)); break; default: System.out.println("Please enter a valid operator"); break; } } }

If we run the program with all possible inputs, we will get the following output:

Output 1 for add operation (+)

Sample Calculator for Arithmetic Operation
Valid Operators: + (Add), - (Sub), * (Multiply), or / (Div)

Please enter a valid operator: +
Enter first number: 10.50
Enter second number: 20.55
Addition output: 31.05 

Output 2 for subtract operation (-)

Sample Calculator for Arithmetic Operation
Valid Operators: + (Add), - (Sub), * (Multiply), or / (Div)

Please enter a valid operator: -
Enter first number: 200
Enter second number: 50.55
Subtraction output: 149.45

Output 3 for multiplication operation (*)

Sample Calculator for Arithmetic Operation
Valid Operators: + (Add), - (Sub), * (Multiply), or / (Div)

Please enter a valid operator: *
Enter first number: 100.1
Enter second number: 5
Multiplication output: 500.5

Output 4 for division operation (/)

Sample Calculator for Arithmetic Operation
Valid Operators: + (Add), - (Sub), * (Multiply), or / (Div)

Please enter a valid operator: /
Enter first number: 400
Enter second number: 5
Division output: 80.0

Output 5 for invalid input

Sample Calculator for Arithmetic Operation
Valid Operators: + (Add), - (Sub), * (Multiply), or / (Div)

Please enter a valid operator: #
Enter first number: 10
Enter second number: 20
Please enter a valid operator

Here, with all five possible inputs, we ran this program and showed the output above.