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Java Programs for Beginners – 40 Basic Programs with Solutions

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Writing small programs is the fastest way to learn Java. This page collects 40 basic Java programs for beginners, each with a complete solution and output on its own page. They cover number checks, characters, arithmetic formulas, loops and series, the building blocks of every larger application and the kind of problems often asked in interviews and exams.

Below you will find the full list grouped by topic and tips for solving programming problems on your own. For shape-printing exercises, see Java Pattern Programs.

1. Number Programs

Classify and test numbers with conditions and loops.

#Program
1Java program to check whether a number is even or odd
2Java program to check whether a number is positive or negative
3Java program to check whether a number is prime
4Java program to check an Armstrong number
5Java program to check a Peterson number
6Java program to check an automorphic number
7Java program to check whether a year is a leap year
8Java program to find the largest of three numbers
9Java program to find the smallest of three numbers

2. Character Programs

Work with char values, ASCII codes and the alphabet.

#Program
10Java program to check whether a character is an alphabet
11Java program to check whether a character is a vowel or consonant
12Java program to print the ASCII value of a character
13Java program to print alphabets from A to Z and a to z

3. Arithmetic and Formula Programs

Practise operators, data types and formulas.

#Program
14Java program to add two numbers
15Java program to add two binary numbers
16Java program to add two complex numbers
17Java program to subtract one number from another
18Java program to multiply two numbers
19Java program to multiply two floating-point numbers
20Java program to find the quotient and remainder
21Java program to find the average of 5 numbers
22Java program to calculate the sum of n natural numbers
23Java program to find the square root of a number
24Java program to calculate the area of a triangle
25Java program to calculate simple interest
26Java program to calculate compound interest
27Java program to make a simple calculator

4. Loop, Series and Utility Programs

Use loops, recursion and library classes.

#Program
28Java program to print the multiplication table of a number
29Java program to print the Fibonacci series
30Java program to find the factorial of a number
31Java program to print the first 100 prime numbers
32Java program to print the first 100 even and odd numbers
33Java program to reverse a number
34Java program to break an integer into digits
35Java program to find the GCD of two numbers
36Java program to find the LCM of two numbers
37Java program to swap two numbers using a temporary variable
38Java program to swap two numbers without a temporary variable
39Java program to print a random number
40Java program to find the current date and time

5. How to Approach a Programming Problem

  1. Understand the problem: write down a few inputs and the expected outputs, including edge cases (0, negative numbers, very large values).
  2. Plan the logic in plain words or pseudocode before writing Java.
  3. Choose the right types: int overflows past about 2.1 billion; use long for factorials and BigInteger beyond that, and double or BigDecimal for fractions.
  4. Write small methods such as isPrime(int) that do one thing and can be tested separately.
  5. Test edge cases and compare your output with the expected values.
  6. Improve: for example, checking divisors only up to √n makes the prime test much faster.

Useful background: for loop, if-else, arithmetic operators and the Scanner class for input.

6. Summary

  • 40 beginner programs, grouped into number, character, arithmetic and loop/series programs, each with a full solution page.
  • Practise them in order: conditions first, then loops, then combined logic.
  • Break problems into small methods and always test edge cases.
  • Continue with pattern programs to master nested loops.

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